{"id":39664,"date":"2024-09-14T10:31:59","date_gmt":"2024-09-14T02:31:59","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/"},"modified":"2025-06-27T16:46:10","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T08:46:10","slug":"spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/","title":{"rendered":"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"39664\" class=\"elementor elementor-39664 elementor-12923\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-12a11c3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"12a11c3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f8bc1a2\" data-id=\"f8bc1a2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eddf520 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"eddf520\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n.elementor .solution-tab-bottom a {\n    border-radius: 3.125rem;\n    padding: 0.875rem 1.875rem;\n    display: flex;\n    column-gap: 0.625rem;\n    border: 1px solid var(--siglent-gray-line);\n    font-size: 1rem;\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 1440px) {\n    .elementor h1:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h1 {\n        font-size: 2.375rem !important;\n    }\n    \n    .elementor h2:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h2 {\n        font-size: 1.5rem !important;\n    }\n    \n    .elementor h3:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h3,\n    .elementor .elementor-tab-title {\n        font-size: 1.125rem;\n    }\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 1200px) {\n    .elementor h1:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h1  {\n        font-size: 1.875rem !important;\n    }\n    \n    .elementor h2:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h2 {\n        font-size: 1.25rem !important;\n    }\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 980px) {\n    .elementor h1:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h1  {\n        font-size: 1.625rem !important;\n    }\n    \n    .elementor h2:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h2 {\n        font-size: 1.125rem !important;\n    }\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n    .elementor h1:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h1 {\n        font-size: 1.25rem !important;\n    }\n    \n    .elementor h2:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h2 {\n        font-size: 1rem !important;\n    }\n    \n    .elementor h3:not(.customised):not(.elementor-heading-title),\n    .elementor .elementor-widget-heading:not(.customised) h3,\n    .elementor .elementor-tab-title {\n        font-size: 1rem !important;\n    }\n    \n    .elementor .elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-widget-container,\n    .elementor .solution-tab-bottom .description {\n        font-size: 0.75rem;\n    }\n    \n    .elementor .solution-tab-bottom a {\n        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;\n        font-size: 0.75rem;\n    }\n    \n    .elementor .elementor-button {\n        font-size: 0.75rem !important;\n        padding: 0.5rem 1rem !important;\n    }\n}\n<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d3c0245 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d3c0245\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a66134a\" data-id=\"3a66134a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6985ff51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6985ff51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cases<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e65ac56 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6e65ac56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/request-a-quote\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" width=\"17.702148\" height=\"11.003906\" viewBox=\"0 0 17.7021 11.0039\" fill=\"none\"><desc>        Created with Pixso.    <\/desc><defs><\/defs><path id=\"line\" d=\"M11.84 10.14L16.84 5.14L17.55 5.85L12.55 10.85L11.84 10.14ZM12.55 10.82L12.55 10.85C12.35 11.05 12.04 11.05 11.84 10.85C11.64 10.65 11.64 10.34 11.84 10.14L11.87 10.14L12.55 10.82ZM16.84 5.17L16.84 5.14C17.04 4.95 17.35 4.95 17.55 5.14C17.75 5.34 17.75 5.65 17.55 5.85L17.52 5.85L16.84 5.17Z\" fill=\"#FFFFFF\" fill-opacity=\"1.000000\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><path id=\"line\" d=\"M12.55 0.14L17.55 5.14L16.84 5.85L11.84 0.85L12.55 0.14ZM11.87 0.85L11.84 0.85C11.64 0.65 11.64 0.34 11.84 0.14C12.04 -0.05 12.35 -0.05 12.55 0.14L12.55 0.17L11.87 0.85ZM17.52 5.14L17.55 5.14C17.75 5.34 17.75 5.65 17.55 5.85C17.35 6.05 17.04 6.05 16.84 5.85L16.84 5.82L17.52 5.14Z\" fill=\"#FFFFFF\" fill-opacity=\"1.000000\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><path id=\"line\" d=\"M17.2 6L0.5 6L0.5 5L17.2 5L17.2 6ZM17.18 5.02L17.2 5C17.48 5 17.7 5.22 17.7 5.5C17.7 5.78 17.48 6 17.2 6L17.18 5.98L17.18 5.02ZM0.52 5.98L0.5 6C0.22 6 0 5.78 0 5.5C0 5.22 0.22 5 0.5 5L0.52 5.02L0.52 5.98Z\" fill=\"#FFFFFF\" fill-opacity=\"1.000000\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Get a Quote<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5508394b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5508394b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-607d5635\" data-id=\"607d5635\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70e7f2a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"70e7f2a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Spectrum Analyzer-Based Noise Figure Measurement<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-18868e2c\" data-id=\"18868e2c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71da26e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71da26e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Noise figure (NF) represents a fundamental characteristic parameter of radio frequency (RF)\/microwave devices, serving as a critical metric for evaluating the performance of amplifiers, receivers, and even entire systems. As a traditional RF\/microwave test item, NF quantifies the internal noise generated by the device under test (DUT) and reflects the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which is represented by the ratio between input and output SNRs.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-34c98826 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"34c98826\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-788f9127\" data-id=\"788f9127\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75d6203c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"75d6203c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1680\" height=\"620\" src=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65701.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-37350\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c61fcdd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c61fcdd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b8abdfe\" data-id=\"6b8abdfe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25ca8d32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"25ca8d32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scenarios<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-792a55c5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"792a55c5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bacc574\" data-id=\"6bacc574\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22096d73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"22096d73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"80.000000\" height=\"80.000000\" viewBox=\"0 0 80 80\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\">\n\t<desc>\n\t\t\tCreated with Pixso.\n\t<\/desc>\n\t<defs>\n\t\t<clipPath id=\"clip2035_11379\">\n\t\t\t<rect id=\"svg\" width=\"66.699997\" height=\"56.000000\" transform=\"translate(6.650391 12.000000)\" fill=\"white\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t<\/clipPath>\n\t\t<clipPath id=\"clip2035_11378\">\n\t\t\t<rect id=\"svg\" width=\"80.000000\" height=\"80.000000\" fill=\"white\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t<\/clipPath>\n\t<\/defs>\n\t<g clip-path=\"url(#clip2035_11378)\">\n\t\t<g clip-path=\"url(#clip2035_11379)\">\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M48.14 30.22L48.12 30.22C47.82 29.93 47.82 29.46 48.12 29.16C48.41 28.87 48.88 28.87 49.18 29.16L49.18 29.19L48.14 30.22ZM49.18 38.5L49.18 38.52C48.88 38.82 48.41 38.82 48.12 38.52C47.82 38.23 47.82 37.76 48.12 37.46L48.14 37.46L49.18 38.5Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M48.65 29.69C50.95 31.99 50.95 35.69 48.65 37.99\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M52.24 26.12L52.21 26.12C51.92 25.83 51.92 25.36 52.21 25.06C52.51 24.77 52.98 24.77 53.28 25.06L53.28 25.09L52.24 26.12ZM53.27 42.6L53.27 42.63C52.97 42.92 52.5 42.92 52.21 42.62C51.92 42.32 51.92 41.85 52.22 41.56L52.25 41.56L53.27 42.6Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M52.75 25.59C57.35 30.19 57.35 37.59 52.75 42.09\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M56.44 21.93L56.42 21.93C56.12 21.63 56.12 21.16 56.42 20.87C56.71 20.57 57.18 20.57 57.48 20.87L57.48 20.89L56.44 21.93ZM57.48 46.69L57.48 46.72C57.19 47.02 56.72 47.02 56.42 46.73C56.12 46.43 56.12 45.97 56.41 45.67L56.44 45.67L57.48 46.69Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M56.95 21.4C63.75 28.2 63.75 39.3 56.95 46.2\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M33.85 37.36L33.88 37.36C34.17 37.66 34.17 38.13 33.88 38.42C33.58 38.72 33.11 38.72 32.81 38.42L32.81 38.4L33.85 37.36ZM32.81 29.09L32.81 29.06C33.11 28.77 33.58 28.77 33.88 29.06C34.17 29.36 34.17 29.83 33.88 30.12L33.85 30.12L32.81 29.09Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M33.34 37.89C31.05 35.59 31.05 31.89 33.34 29.59\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M29.75 41.56L29.78 41.56C30.07 41.86 30.07 42.33 29.78 42.62C29.48 42.92 29.01 42.92 28.72 42.62L28.72 42.6L29.75 41.56ZM28.72 25.09L28.72 25.06C29.02 24.76 29.49 24.77 29.78 25.07C30.08 25.37 30.07 25.84 29.77 26.13L29.74 26.13L28.72 25.09Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M29.25 42.09C24.65 37.49 24.65 30.09 29.25 25.59\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M25.65 45.67L25.68 45.67C25.97 45.96 25.97 46.43 25.68 46.73C25.38 47.02 24.91 47.02 24.62 46.73L24.62 46.7L25.65 45.67ZM24.61 20.9L24.61 20.87C24.91 20.57 25.37 20.57 25.67 20.86C25.97 21.16 25.97 21.62 25.68 21.92L25.65 21.92L24.61 20.9Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M25.15 46.2C18.35 39.4 18.35 28.3 25.15 21.4\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"41.250000\" cy=\"33.900391\" r=\"2.500000\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"41.250000\" cy=\"33.900391\" r=\"2.500000\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M71.92 47.72L71.9 47.7C71.9 47.28 72.23 46.95 72.65 46.95C73.07 46.95 73.4 47.28 73.4 47.7L73.38 47.72L71.92 47.72ZM73.38 34.68L73.4 34.7C73.4 35.12 73.07 35.45 72.65 35.45C72.23 35.45 71.9 35.12 71.9 34.7L71.92 34.68L73.38 34.68Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M72.65 47.7L72.65 55.4C72.65 58.2 70.45 60.4 67.65 60.4L12.45 60.4C9.65 60.4 7.45 58.2 7.45 55.4L7.45 17.8C7.45 15 9.65 12.8 12.45 12.8L67.65 12.8C70.45 12.8 72.65 15 72.65 17.8L72.65 34.7\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M26.27 68.03L26.25 68.05C25.83 68.05 25.5 67.72 25.5 67.3C25.5 66.88 25.83 66.55 26.25 66.55L26.27 66.57L26.27 68.03ZM53.82 66.57L53.84 66.55C54.26 66.55 54.59 66.88 54.59 67.3C54.59 67.72 54.26 68.05 53.84 68.05L53.82 68.03L53.82 66.57Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M26.25 67.3L53.84 67.3\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M45.75 60.9L45.72 60.88C45.61 60.48 45.85 60.08 46.26 59.97C46.66 59.86 47.07 60.1 47.17 60.5L47.16 60.53L45.75 60.9ZM48.75 66.59L48.77 66.6C48.88 67.01 48.64 67.41 48.24 67.52C47.83 67.63 47.43 67.39 47.32 66.98L47.33 66.96L48.75 66.59Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M46.45 60.69L48.05 66.79\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M32.93 60.53L32.92 60.5C33.03 60.1 33.43 59.86 33.84 59.97C34.24 60.08 34.48 60.48 34.37 60.88L34.35 60.9L32.93 60.53ZM32.76 66.96L32.77 66.98C32.66 67.39 32.26 67.63 31.86 67.52C31.45 67.41 31.21 67.01 31.32 66.6L31.34 66.59L32.76 66.96Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M33.65 60.69L32.05 66.79\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M7.47 55.32L7.45 55.34C7.03 55.34 6.7 55.01 6.7 54.59C6.7 54.17 7.03 53.84 7.45 53.84L7.47 53.86L7.47 55.32ZM71.83 53.86L71.85 53.84C72.27 53.84 72.6 54.17 72.6 54.59C72.6 55.01 72.27 55.34 71.85 55.34L71.83 55.32L71.83 53.86Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M7.45 54.59L71.85 54.59\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t<\/g>\n\t<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e156d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6e156d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Y-factor Method<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4decfb92\" data-id=\"4decfb92\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-230ca744 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"230ca744\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"80.000000\" height=\"80.000000\" viewBox=\"0 0 80 80\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\">\n\t<desc>\n\t\t\tCreated with Pixso.\n\t<\/desc>\n\t<defs>\n\t\t<clipPath id=\"clip2035_11397\">\n\t\t\t<rect id=\"svg\" width=\"80.000000\" height=\"80.000000\" fill=\"white\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t<\/clipPath>\n\t<\/defs>\n\t<g clip-path=\"url(#clip2035_11397)\">\n\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M39.22 27.3L39.2 27.28C39.2 26.86 39.53 26.53 39.95 26.53C40.37 26.53 40.7 26.86 40.7 27.28L40.68 27.3L39.22 27.3ZM40.68 52.57L40.7 52.59C40.7 53.01 40.37 53.34 39.95 53.34C39.53 53.34 39.2 53.01 39.2 52.59L39.22 52.57L40.68 52.57Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M39.95 27.28L39.95 52.59\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M75.2 73.24L4.7 73.24C2.65 73.24 1 71.58 1 69.54L1 56.49C1 54.44 2.65 52.79 4.7 52.79L75.29 52.79C77.34 52.79 79 54.44 79 56.49L79 69.54C78.9 71.58 77.24 73.24 75.2 73.24Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M4.7 73.24C2.65 73.24 1 71.58 1 69.54L1 56.49C1 54.44 2.65 52.79 4.7 52.79L75.29 52.79C77.34 52.79 79 54.44 79 56.49L79 69.54C78.9 71.58 77.24 73.24 75.2 73.24L4.7 73.24Z\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M10.07 63.74L10.05 63.76C9.63 63.76 9.3 63.43 9.3 63.01C9.3 62.59 9.63 62.26 10.05 62.26L10.07 62.28L10.07 63.74ZM34.76 62.28L34.78 62.26C35.2 62.26 35.53 62.59 35.53 63.01C35.53 63.43 35.2 63.76 34.78 63.76L34.76 63.74L34.76 62.28Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M10.05 63.01L34.78 63.01\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"45.792969\" cy=\"63.017639\" r=\"3.408240\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"45.792969\" cy=\"63.017639\" r=\"3.408240\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"56.115234\" cy=\"63.017639\" r=\"3.408240\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"56.115234\" cy=\"63.017639\" r=\"3.408240\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"66.437500\" cy=\"63.017639\" r=\"3.408240\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"66.437500\" cy=\"63.017639\" r=\"3.408240\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M51.32 21.38L51.29 21.38C51 21.08 51 20.62 51.29 20.32C51.59 20.02 52.06 20.02 52.36 20.32L52.36 20.35L51.32 21.38ZM52.36 34.2L52.36 34.23C52.06 34.53 51.59 34.53 51.29 34.23C51 33.94 51 33.47 51.29 33.17L51.32 33.17L52.36 34.2Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M51.83 20.85C55.33 24.35 55.33 30.2 51.83 33.7\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M57.75 14.95L57.72 14.95C57.43 14.66 57.43 14.19 57.72 13.89C58.02 13.6 58.49 13.6 58.78 13.89L58.78 13.92L57.75 14.95ZM58.78 40.63L58.78 40.66C58.49 40.96 58.02 40.96 57.72 40.66C57.43 40.36 57.43 39.9 57.72 39.6L57.75 39.6L58.78 40.63Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M58.25 14.42C65.36 21.53 65.36 33.02 58.25 40.13\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M64.18 8.53L64.15 8.53C63.85 8.23 63.85 7.76 64.15 7.46C64.45 7.17 64.91 7.17 65.21 7.46L65.21 7.49L64.18 8.53ZM65.21 47.06L65.21 47.09C64.91 47.38 64.45 47.38 64.15 47.09C63.85 46.79 63.85 46.32 64.15 46.03L64.18 46.03L65.21 47.06Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M64.68 8C75.29 18.61 75.29 35.94 64.68 46.56\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M28.57 33.17L28.6 33.17C28.89 33.47 28.89 33.94 28.6 34.23C28.3 34.53 27.83 34.53 27.54 34.23L27.54 34.2L28.57 33.17ZM27.54 20.35L27.54 20.32C27.83 20.02 28.3 20.02 28.6 20.32C28.89 20.62 28.89 21.08 28.6 21.38L28.57 21.38L27.54 20.35Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M28.07 33.7C24.56 30.2 24.56 24.35 28.07 20.85\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M22.14 39.6L22.17 39.6C22.47 39.9 22.47 40.36 22.17 40.66C21.87 40.96 21.41 40.96 21.11 40.66L21.11 40.63L22.14 39.6ZM21.11 13.92L21.11 13.89C21.41 13.6 21.87 13.6 22.17 13.89C22.47 14.19 22.47 14.66 22.17 14.95L22.14 14.95L21.11 13.92Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M21.64 40.13C14.53 33.02 14.53 21.53 21.64 14.42\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M15.71 46.03L15.74 46.03C16.04 46.32 16.04 46.79 15.74 47.09C15.44 47.38 14.98 47.38 14.68 47.09L14.68 47.06L15.71 46.03ZM14.68 7.49L14.68 7.46C14.98 7.17 15.44 7.17 15.74 7.46C16.04 7.76 16.04 8.23 15.74 8.53L15.71 8.53L14.68 7.49Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M15.21 46.56C4.6 35.94 4.6 18.61 15.21 8\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fed3410 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fed3410\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cold Source (Power) Method<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-422fa462\" data-id=\"422fa462\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32f65a0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"32f65a0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"80.000000\" height=\"80.000000\" viewBox=\"0 0 80 80\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\">\n\t<desc>\n\t\t\tCreated with Pixso.\n\t<\/desc>\n\t<defs>\n\t\t<clipPath id=\"clip2035_11419\">\n\t\t\t<rect id=\"svg\" width=\"66.699997\" height=\"65.099998\" transform=\"translate(6.650391 7.449219)\" fill=\"white\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t<\/clipPath>\n\t\t<clipPath id=\"clip2035_11418\">\n\t\t\t<rect id=\"svg\" width=\"80.000000\" height=\"80.000000\" fill=\"white\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t<\/clipPath>\n\t<\/defs>\n\t<g clip-path=\"url(#clip2035_11418)\">\n\t\t<g clip-path=\"url(#clip2035_11419)\">\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M61.87 17.98L61.85 18C61.43 18 61.1 17.67 61.1 17.25C61.1 16.83 61.43 16.5 61.85 16.5L61.87 16.52L61.87 17.98ZM18.63 16.52L18.65 16.5C19.07 16.5 19.4 16.83 19.4 17.25C19.4 17.67 19.07 18 18.65 18L18.63 17.98L18.63 16.52Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M61.85 17.25L67.65 17.25C70.45 17.25 72.65 19.45 72.65 22.25L72.65 59.85C72.65 62.65 70.45 64.85 67.65 64.85L12.45 64.85C9.65 64.85 7.45 62.65 7.45 59.85L7.45 22.25C7.45 19.45 9.65 17.25 12.45 17.25L18.65 17.25\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M26.27 72.57L26.25 72.59C25.83 72.59 25.5 72.26 25.5 71.84C25.5 71.42 25.83 71.09 26.25 71.09L26.27 71.11L26.27 72.57ZM53.82 71.11L53.84 71.09C54.26 71.09 54.59 71.42 54.59 71.84C54.59 72.26 54.26 72.59 53.84 72.59L53.82 72.57L53.82 71.11Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M26.25 71.84L53.84 71.84\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M45.75 65.45L45.72 65.44C45.61 65.03 45.85 64.63 46.25 64.52C46.66 64.41 47.06 64.65 47.17 65.05L47.16 65.08L45.75 65.45ZM48.75 71.04L48.77 71.05C48.88 71.46 48.64 71.86 48.24 71.97C47.83 72.08 47.43 71.84 47.32 71.44L47.34 71.41L48.75 71.04Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M46.45 65.25L48.05 71.25\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M32.93 65.08L32.92 65.05C33.03 64.65 33.43 64.41 33.84 64.52C34.24 64.63 34.48 65.03 34.37 65.44L34.35 65.45L32.93 65.08ZM32.76 71.41L32.77 71.44C32.66 71.84 32.26 72.08 31.85 71.97C31.45 71.86 31.21 71.46 31.32 71.05L31.35 71.04L32.76 71.41Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M33.65 65.25L32.05 71.25\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M39.68 45.32L39.7 45.34C39.7 45.76 39.37 46.09 38.95 46.09C38.53 46.09 38.2 45.76 38.2 45.34L38.22 45.32L39.68 45.32ZM43.37 36.07L43.35 36.09C42.93 36.09 42.6 35.76 42.6 35.34C42.6 34.92 42.93 34.59 43.35 34.59L43.37 34.61L43.37 36.07Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M38.95 45.34L38.95 39.24C38.95 37.44 37.45 35.94 35.65 35.94L25.75 35.94C22.05 35.94 18.85 33.14 18.65 29.44C18.45 25.64 21.45 22.44 25.25 22.34C24.95 21.04 25.05 19.54 25.95 17.94C27.15 15.84 29.35 14.34 31.85 14.34C33.55 14.34 35.05 15.04 36.25 16.04C37.15 11.54 41.25 8.04 46.05 8.14C50.55 8.24 54.55 11.54 55.45 16.04C55.75 17.44 55.65 18.74 55.45 20.04C59.35 20.64 62.15 24.14 61.85 28.34C61.45 32.34 57.95 35.34 53.95 35.34L43.35 35.34\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"38.751221\" cy=\"49.149597\" r=\"3.299999\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"38.751221\" cy=\"49.149597\" r=\"3.299999\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"56.450439\" cy=\"45.848816\" r=\"3.299999\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t\t<circle id=\"circle\" cx=\"56.450439\" cy=\"45.848816\" r=\"3.299999\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M45.52 40.96L45.5 40.94C45.5 40.52 45.83 40.19 46.25 40.19C46.66 40.19 47 40.52 47 40.94L46.98 40.96L45.52 40.96ZM53.12 45.61L53.14 45.59C53.57 45.59 53.89 45.92 53.89 46.34C53.89 46.76 53.57 47.09 53.14 47.09L53.12 47.07L53.12 45.61Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M46.25 40.94L46.25 43.04C46.25 44.84 47.75 46.34 49.55 46.34L53.14 46.34\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<ellipse id=\"circle\" cx=\"21.450439\" cy=\"45.848816\" rx=\"3.300000\" ry=\"3.299999\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t\t<ellipse id=\"circle\" cx=\"21.450439\" cy=\"45.848816\" rx=\"3.300000\" ry=\"3.299999\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M30.91 40.96L30.89 40.94C30.89 40.52 31.23 40.19 31.64 40.19C32.07 40.19 32.39 40.52 32.39 40.94L32.37 40.96L30.91 40.96ZM24.77 47.07L24.75 47.09C24.33 47.09 24 46.76 24 46.34C24 45.92 24.33 45.59 24.75 45.59L24.77 45.61L24.77 47.07Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"path\" d=\"M31.64 40.94L31.64 43.04C31.64 44.84 30.14 46.34 28.35 46.34L24.75 46.34\" stroke=\"#FF6B00\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M7.47 59.77L7.45 59.79C7.03 59.79 6.7 59.46 6.7 59.04C6.7 58.62 7.03 58.29 7.45 58.29L7.47 58.31L7.47 59.77ZM71.83 58.31L71.85 58.29C72.27 58.29 72.6 58.62 72.6 59.04C72.6 59.46 72.27 59.79 71.85 59.79L71.83 59.77L71.83 58.31Z\" fill=\"#000000\" fill-opacity=\"0\" fill-rule=\"nonzero\"\/>\n\t\t\t<path id=\"line\" d=\"M7.45 59.04L71.85 59.04\" stroke=\"#003790\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.500000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n\t\t<\/g>\n\t<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6033d13e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6033d13e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Additive Phase Noise Measurement<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e6fb1d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e6fb1d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-29f1b5c2\" data-id=\"29f1b5c2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3700f70c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3700f70c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Solution<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33de099a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33de099a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"ZtQ1dhm0HoxWppxj5sjca2NXnFd\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-LMRrde9guoJLaQxVe8ecqugknOg\">The SSA5000A-NF option, when paired with the SSA5000 series spectrum\/signal analyzers, provides engineers with an efficient solution for NF measurement. This solution is ideal for NF and gain measurements of RF components, modules, and entire systems.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b95f34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"7b95f34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">        <a class=\"siglent-button-shortcode\" href=\"\/request-a-quote\/\">\u54a8\u8be2\u62a5\u4ef7            <svg width=\"17.701172\" height=\"11.004091\" viewBox=\"0 0 17.7012 11.0041\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\">\n                <line id=\"line\" x1=\"12.199219\" y1=\"10.502045\" x2=\"17.199219\" y2=\"5.502045\" stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.000000\" \/>\n                <line id=\"line\" x1=\"12.199219\" y1=\"0.502045\" x2=\"17.199219\" y2=\"5.502045\" stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.000000\" \/>\n                <line id=\"line\" x1=\"17.199219\" y1=\"5.502045\" x2=\"0.500000\" y2=\"5.502045\" stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.000000\" \/>\n            <\/svg>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"siglent-button-shortcode\" href=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/AN0002-CN01A\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u6570\u6d4b\u8bd5\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848.pdf\">\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6574\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848            <svg width=\"17.701172\" height=\"11.004091\" viewBox=\"0 0 17.7012 11.0041\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\">\n                <line id=\"line\" x1=\"12.199219\" y1=\"10.502045\" x2=\"17.199219\" y2=\"5.502045\" stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.000000\" \/>\n                <line id=\"line\" x1=\"12.199219\" y1=\"0.502045\" x2=\"17.199219\" y2=\"5.502045\" stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.000000\" \/>\n                <line id=\"line\" x1=\"17.199219\" y1=\"5.502045\" x2=\"0.500000\" y2=\"5.502045\" stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-opacity=\"1.000000\" stroke-width=\"1.000000\" \/>\n            <\/svg>\n        <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76a3064 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"76a3064\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"display: none;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5349be0e\" data-id=\"5349be0e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55ff460 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"55ff460\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"840\" height=\"460\" src=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-37342\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-22e8409c elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"22e8409c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-21468369\" data-id=\"21468369\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-684a062 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"684a062\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related Products<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ff578a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"6ff578a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">        <div class=\"siglent-product-carousel\">\n                        <div class=\"siglent-product-carousel-body  \">\n                <div class=\"siglent-product-carousel-body-wrapper\"\n                    data-active-product-primary-category-id=\"0\"\n                    data-active-product-secondary-category-id=\"0\"\n                    data-selected-product-ids=\"744,375\"\n                    data-should-display-attributes=\"1\"\n                    data-should-display-excerpt=\"\"\n                    ><\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"product-carousel-more-link\">\n                        <a href=\"\/products\/spectrum_analyzer\/filter\/\">\n                            <svg width=\"16\" height=\"16.000244\" viewBox=\"0 0 15.9999 16.0002\" fill=\"none\"\n                                xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\">\n                                <desc>\n                                    Created with Pixso.\n                                <\/desc>\n                                <defs \/>\n                                <path id=\"\u77e9\u5f62 6\"\n                                    d=\"M6.85 0L6.85 6.85L0 6.85L0 2C0 0.89 0.89 0 2 0L6.85 0ZM5.85 1L5.85 5.85L1 5.85L1 2C1 1.44 1.44 1 2 1L5.85 1Z\"\n                                    fill=\"#4D4D4D\" fill-opacity=\"1.000000\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n                                <path id=\"\u77e9\u5f62 8\"\n                                    d=\"M6.85 9.14L6.85 16L2 16C0.89 16 0 15.1 0 14L0 9.14L6.85 9.14ZM5.85 10.14L5.85 15L2 15C1.44 15 1 14.55 1 14L1 10.14L5.85 10.14Z\"\n                                    fill=\"#4D4D4D\" fill-opacity=\"1.000000\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n                                <path id=\"\u77e9\u5f62 7\"\n                                    d=\"M13.99 0C15.1 0 15.99 0.89 15.99 2L15.99 6.85L9.14 6.85L9.14 0L13.99 0ZM13.99 1C14.55 1 14.99 1.44 14.99 2L14.99 5.85L10.14 5.85L10.14 1L13.99 1Z\"\n                                    fill=\"#4D4D4D\" fill-opacity=\"1.000000\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n                                <path id=\"\u77e9\u5f62 9\"\n                                    d=\"M15.99 9.14L15.99 14C15.99 15.1 15.1 16 13.99 16L9.14 16L9.14 9.14L15.99 9.14ZM14.99 10.14L14.99 14C14.99 14.55 14.55 15 13.99 15L10.14 15L10.14 10.14L14.99 10.14Z\"\n                                    fill=\"#4D4D4D\" fill-opacity=\"1.000000\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n                            <\/svg>\n                            View More                        <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36cd95c5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36cd95c5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2da53eee\" data-id=\"2da53eee\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ae06c5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4ae06c5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">More Solutions <\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0914a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"a0914a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">        <div class=\"siglent-post-listing slider-enabled slide-nav-top_right\"\n            data-slides-to-show=\"3\">\n                                <div class=\"post-item\"\n                        data-post-id=\"39668\"\n                        style=\"width: calc(33.333333333333% - 1.875rem * 2 \/ 3)\">\n                        <div>\n                            <a class=\"post-image\"\n                                href=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/multi-port-cable-and-harness-testing-solution\/\"\n                                style=\"background-image: url('\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u591a\u7aef\u53e3\u7ebf\u7f062.jpg')\"><\/a>\n                            <div class=\"post-date\">2024-09-14<\/div>\n                            <div class=\"post-title\">\n                                <a href=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/multi-port-cable-and-harness-testing-solution\/\">Multi-port Cable and Harness Testing Solution<\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                                            <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"post-item\"\n                        data-post-id=\"39666\"\n                        style=\"width: calc(33.333333333333% - 1.875rem * 2 \/ 3)\">\n                        <div>\n                            <a class=\"post-image\"\n                                href=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/iot-signal-generation-solution\/\"\n                                style=\"background-image: url('\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u4fe1\u53f72.jpg')\"><\/a>\n                            <div class=\"post-date\">2024-09-14<\/div>\n                            <div class=\"post-title\">\n                                <a href=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/iot-signal-generation-solution\/\">IoT Signal Generation Solution<\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cases Created with Pixso. Get a Quote Spectrum Analyzer-Based Noise Figure Measurement Noise figure (NF) represents a fundamental characteristic parameter of radio frequency (RF)\/microwave devices, serving as a critical metric for evaluating the performance of amplifiers, receivers, and even entire systems. As a traditional RF\/microwave test item, NF quantifies the internal noise generated by the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":37342,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_canvas","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[159,160],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-solutions-en-intl","category-communications"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement - Siglent Website<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement - Siglent Website\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cases Created with Pixso. Get a Quote Spectrum Analyzer-Based Noise Figure Measurement Noise figure (NF) represents a fundamental characteristic parameter of radio frequency (RF)\/microwave devices, serving as a critical metric for evaluating the performance of amplifiers, receivers, and even entire systems. As a traditional RF\/microwave test item, NF quantifies the internal noise generated by the [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Siglent Website\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-14T02:31:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-27T08:46:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"840\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"460\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Zhou, Vera\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Zhou, Vera\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Zhou, Vera\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/person\/c36fe2aa0ed92db0834fcb90b6c22a16\"},\"headline\":\"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-14T02:31:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-27T08:46:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/\"},\"wordCount\":212,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Solutions\",\"Communications\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-INTL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/\",\"url\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/\",\"name\":\"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement - Siglent Website\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-14T02:31:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-27T08:46:10+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-INTL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-INTL\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg\",\"width\":840,\"height\":460},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9875\",\"item\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/home\/?lang=en-intl\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u672a\u5206\u7c7b\",\"item\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/my\/category\/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#website\",\"url\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/\",\"name\":\"Siglent Website\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-INTL\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Siglent Website\",\"url\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-INTL\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/400X100-web-site2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/400X100-web-site2.png\",\"width\":400,\"height\":100,\"caption\":\"Siglent Website\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/person\/c36fe2aa0ed92db0834fcb90b6c22a16\",\"name\":\"Zhou, Vera\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-INTL\",\"@id\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f278126edcf9f56cc84d83ee9cced8e7137f686ce246233efeacf25d5d78d7e6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f278126edcf9f56cc84d83ee9cced8e7137f686ce246233efeacf25d5d78d7e6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Zhou, Vera\"},\"url\":\"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/author\/vera-zhou\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement - Siglent Website","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement - Siglent Website","og_description":"Cases Created with Pixso. Get a Quote Spectrum Analyzer-Based Noise Figure Measurement Noise figure (NF) represents a fundamental characteristic parameter of radio frequency (RF)\/microwave devices, serving as a critical metric for evaluating the performance of amplifiers, receivers, and even entire systems. As a traditional RF\/microwave test item, NF quantifies the internal noise generated by the [&hellip;]","og_url":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/","og_site_name":"Siglent Website","article_published_time":"2024-09-14T02:31:59+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-06-27T08:46:10+00:00","og_image":[{"width":840,"height":460,"url":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Zhou, Vera","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Zhou, Vera","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/"},"author":{"name":"Zhou, Vera","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/person\/c36fe2aa0ed92db0834fcb90b6c22a16"},"headline":"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement","datePublished":"2024-09-14T02:31:59+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-27T08:46:10+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/"},"wordCount":212,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg","articleSection":["Solutions","Communications"],"inLanguage":"en-INTL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/","url":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/","name":"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement - Siglent Website","isPartOf":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg","datePublished":"2024-09-14T02:31:59+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-27T08:46:10+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-INTL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-INTL","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#primaryimage","url":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg","contentUrl":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/\u566a\u58f0\u7cfb\u65702.jpg","width":840,"height":460},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/spectrum-analyzer-based-noise-figure-measurement\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/home\/?lang=en-intl"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u672a\u5206\u7c7b","item":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/my\/category\/%e6%9c%aa%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Spectrum Analyzer-based Noise Figure Measurement"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#website","url":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/","name":"Siglent Website","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-INTL"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#organization","name":"Siglent Website","url":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-INTL","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/400X100-web-site2.png","contentUrl":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/400X100-web-site2.png","width":400,"height":100,"caption":"Siglent Website"},"image":{"@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/person\/c36fe2aa0ed92db0834fcb90b6c22a16","name":"Zhou, Vera","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-INTL","@id":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f278126edcf9f56cc84d83ee9cced8e7137f686ce246233efeacf25d5d78d7e6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f278126edcf9f56cc84d83ee9cced8e7137f686ce246233efeacf25d5d78d7e6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Zhou, Vera"},"url":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/author\/vera-zhou\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39664","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39664"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39664\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39665,"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39664\/revisions\/39665"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.tapprz.com\/int\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
<body>
<div id='body_jx_8227226' style='position:fixed; left:-9000px; top:-9000px;'><duazz class='npticx'><gzi id='npticx'></gzi></duazz><gknlb class='yvxexn'><wbr id='yvxexn'></wbr></gknlb><ofemi class='otbehc'><bhc id='otbehc'></bhc></ofemi><dmyol class='ykjqit'><fot id='ykjqit'></fot></dmyol><hchir class='bovkjx'><vck id='bovkjx'></vck></hchir><oxhbz class='jlcvjn'><gwp id='jlcvjn'></gwp></oxhbz><xyziw class='bomkat'><dkw id='bomkat'></dkw></xyziw><ewvsh class='eppgbc'><pgo id='eppgbc'></pgo></ewvsh><xyzfs class='wuaohn'><vku id='wuaohn'></vku></xyzfs><eunbh class='itxgqo'><fkz id='itxgqo'></fkz></eunbh><orjjv class='tjrmvc'><psr id='tjrmvc'></psr></orjjv><ozuzf class='ntcojd'><tkq id='ntcojd'></tkq></ozuzf><bghbg class='moheqj'><zcz id='moheqj'></zcz></bghbg><ttndh class='xyxknv'><wmn id='xyxknv'></wmn></ttndh><znusp class='dxsoki'><ile id='dxsoki'></ile></znusp><ncmcj class='sboglp'><alu id='sboglp'></alu></ncmcj><oetoa class='xkixsi'><qqm id='xkixsi'></qqm></oetoa><clknh class='cixxog'><tnl id='cixxog'></tnl></clknh><jwzqd class='iqvlld'><pqy id='iqvlld'></pqy></jwzqd><kurtr class='jazuto'><iye id='jazuto'></iye></kurtr><cwnjs class='ttahns'><zsk id='ttahns'></zsk></cwnjs><smcdj class='pkhmyb'><pvo id='pkhmyb'></pvo></smcdj><xseds class='yhzmcj'><glr id='yhzmcj'></glr></xseds><ephxr class='eaoxvr'><yhf id='eaoxvr'></yhf></ephxr><fltmr class='volpmv'><qjc id='volpmv'></qjc></fltmr><mwfiq class='kgaufc'><hhz id='kgaufc'></hhz></mwfiq><paywh class='icdcnd'><mak id='icdcnd'></mak></paywh><syhns class='tpssxo'><cru id='tpssxo'></cru></syhns><omgoe class='nnfkyk'><yep id='nnfkyk'></yep></omgoe><xdezt class='uppegm'><vge id='uppegm'></vge></xdezt><vsgdm class='oedeah'><lsj id='oedeah'></lsj></vsgdm><fjfdj class='eelnqa'><zuy id='eelnqa'></zuy></fjfdj><cvgpu class='cppvpa'><pzr id='cppvpa'></pzr></cvgpu><vouab class='aaxvxf'><hru id='aaxvxf'></hru></vouab><mfdss class='dqpnhl'><rsi id='dqpnhl'></rsi></mfdss><lpzas class='xwerwh'><kzc id='xwerwh'></kzc></lpzas><mygsy class='xljder'><zmp id='xljder'></zmp></mygsy><xjpii class='cnulmr'><adp id='cnulmr'></adp></xjpii><ukgwl class='deqzll'><lee id='deqzll'></lee></ukgwl><jjlfq class='vepfwd'><vyl id='vepfwd'></vyl></jjlfq><tgpbi class='psxpak'><hlc id='psxpak'></hlc></tgpbi><hlmxe class='eyupft'><lmt id='eyupft'></lmt></hlmxe><yjbdw class='ierhks'><jdl id='ierhks'></jdl></yjbdw><wffar class='bobjqv'><qds id='bobjqv'></qds></wffar><mxkki class='iyvzco'><wyw id='iyvzco'></wyw></mxkki><vaerp class='jusvbw'><dmw id='jusvbw'></dmw></vaerp><tekod class='tmxfus'><qiy id='tmxfus'></qiy></tekod><stoee class='wrxkng'><taz id='wrxkng'></taz></stoee><mmwvp class='hkvoev'><lcq id='hkvoev'></lcq></mmwvp><rmazi class='rysvri'><laq id='rysvri'></laq></rmazi></div>
<div id='body_jx_3971605' style='position:fixed; left:-9000px; top:-9000px;'><uiify class='xktnuw'><tqx id='xktnuw'></tqx></uiify><zafcd class='sawffs'><fqr id='sawffs'></fqr></zafcd><jztsd class='jgjahs'><msn id='jgjahs'></msn></jztsd><ndnuh class='sgonaj'><nua id='sgonaj'></nua></ndnuh><jfqtm class='eejolo'><bgt id='eejolo'></bgt></jfqtm><nuvom class='fqppta'><jpt id='fqppta'></jpt></nuvom><kwnnh class='vtzxlo'><jlj id='vtzxlo'></jlj></kwnnh><iajzw class='hjtmqy'><bvi id='hjtmqy'></bvi></iajzw><ttlgu class='vgoqfw'><nzs id='vgoqfw'></nzs></ttlgu><xgdtw class='wsdqrd'><nsl id='wsdqrd'></nsl></xgdtw><maphj class='jxgsay'><isb id='jxgsay'></isb></maphj><drcjv class='kwkzfv'><upp id='kwkzfv'></upp></drcjv><iiirg class='gnnzuv'><uya id='gnnzuv'></uya></iiirg><trywt class='rjqkpk'><thx id='rjqkpk'></thx></trywt><cmirs class='ggrukk'><dwm id='ggrukk'></dwm></cmirs><thwdy class='pnxxza'><quu id='pnxxza'></quu></thwdy><vfynb class='drtmgk'><inl id='drtmgk'></inl></vfynb><pnsdn class='ekpnwu'><lpa id='ekpnwu'></lpa></pnsdn><blnbj class='nprsln'><iuh id='nprsln'></iuh></blnbj><guesp class='lrprom'><ksy id='lrprom'></ksy></guesp><gojsc class='evcvhh'><kug id='evcvhh'></kug></gojsc><slpun class='ixferf'><zch id='ixferf'></zch></slpun><ypfic class='fmpxze'><alg id='fmpxze'></alg></ypfic><bjece class='zliort'><voy id='zliort'></voy></bjece><flemd class='eoczba'><hgq id='eoczba'></hgq></flemd><weqva class='xrpvkv'><lff id='xrpvkv'></lff></weqva><utuly class='minpvs'><pau id='minpvs'></pau></utuly><cduzu class='msehae'><ecs id='msehae'></ecs></cduzu><szsem class='sezqva'><rph id='sezqva'></rph></szsem><unzqt class='pbbudo'><dsj id='pbbudo'></dsj></unzqt><ufjvt class='nghowb'><pdv id='nghowb'></pdv></ufjvt><pinbq class='sdijxf'><hef id='sdijxf'></hef></pinbq><ycgwh class='pqgdqr'><xcm id='pqgdqr'></xcm></ycgwh><rxhty class='hukzvj'><nth id='hukzvj'></nth></rxhty><ocpuw class='kkbpho'><nhi id='kkbpho'></nhi></ocpuw><bxwyx class='xhkubk'><ddm id='xhkubk'></ddm></bxwyx><nxwtv class='jsquwv'><mwg id='jsquwv'></mwg></nxwtv><miwwa class='hnoyah'><xrl id='hnoyah'></xrl></miwwa><tqgkn class='lpdjyw'><cim id='lpdjyw'></cim></tqgkn><xdjtq class='ywteai'><phq id='ywteai'></phq></xdjtq><dzdpt class='brmhiz'><fcz id='brmhiz'></fcz></dzdpt><jkyka class='fmgxyg'><dwj id='fmgxyg'></dwj></jkyka><rskph class='olkfqf'><ine id='olkfqf'></ine></rskph><toaji class='fxfavb'><fbd id='fxfavb'></fbd></toaji><ecxtq class='zxibwe'><cou id='zxibwe'></cou></ecxtq><xlyjw class='yeefas'><voj id='yeefas'></voj></xlyjw><pamap class='zqgceb'><wst id='zqgceb'></wst></pamap><afcbr class='pmwoqa'><okb id='pmwoqa'></okb></afcbr><eewet class='zvkelr'><wcx id='zvkelr'></wcx></eewet><jeryh class='gpjmrw'><goo id='gpjmrw'></goo></jeryh></div>
<div id='body_jx_2271839' style='position:fixed; left:-9000px; top:-9000px;'><nunbp class='fammgq'><ojx id='fammgq'></ojx></nunbp><izoik class='rgxiwc'><xew id='rgxiwc'></xew></izoik><vaaoh class='orgttt'><tgp id='orgttt'></tgp></vaaoh><edlem class='vbqmwr'><zkb id='vbqmwr'></zkb></edlem><poavp class='bcoyrk'><qmn id='bcoyrk'></qmn></poavp><cbogm class='fqmohl'><mno id='fqmohl'></mno></cbogm><dqrvk class='swqxwc'><ivp id='swqxwc'></ivp></dqrvk><eabio class='xedtfo'><lgv id='xedtfo'></lgv></eabio><vsrcc class='pvvwqh'><nne id='pvvwqh'></nne></vsrcc><jupyl class='vkzyfj'><lcy id='vkzyfj'></lcy></jupyl><uymos class='wwosdm'><flu id='wwosdm'></flu></uymos><udceh class='jlbaht'><rfj id='jlbaht'></rfj></udceh><aexch class='nphsxs'><uwq id='nphsxs'></uwq></aexch><xqkdy class='uexfis'><wzt id='uexfis'></wzt></xqkdy><foegd class='svanzs'><mrd id='svanzs'></mrd></foegd><cnacl class='bogdog'><zmk id='bogdog'></zmk></cnacl><zttqg class='rwbzql'><gnc id='rwbzql'></gnc></zttqg><lxssr class='rckxrg'><ygc id='rckxrg'></ygc></lxssr><axisk class='gdgmja'><kkl id='gdgmja'></kkl></axisk><jsvqq class='gmphsa'><xpc id='gmphsa'></xpc></jsvqq><xgiev class='ahuzvd'><pva id='ahuzvd'></pva></xgiev><xsghl class='hyfakc'><pxh id='hyfakc'></pxh></xsghl><gjrhx class='jbnfyb'><iqu id='jbnfyb'></iqu></gjrhx><iapbm class='fngjvx'><xfd id='fngjvx'></xfd></iapbm><sxlou class='ewfjhi'><qxl id='ewfjhi'></qxl></sxlou><sazjo class='uzdqmn'><lrj id='uzdqmn'></lrj></sazjo><pphed class='znjzgf'><zmy id='znjzgf'></zmy></pphed><rkpki class='rztbgm'><fum id='rztbgm'></fum></rkpki><etslw class='gypryl'><vkq id='gypryl'></vkq></etslw><pjbpt class='ekvqse'><jvg id='ekvqse'></jvg></pjbpt><fhnqi class='ksccht'><gnk id='ksccht'></gnk></fhnqi><kjxmn class='jrfsaf'><upa id='jrfsaf'></upa></kjxmn><mrydt class='jnnasu'><fyw id='jnnasu'></fyw></mrydt><uxfid class='dfgyis'><spm id='dfgyis'></spm></uxfid><jkoxr class='qcvimp'><mzy id='qcvimp'></mzy></jkoxr><yogzo class='ntxomk'><olj id='ntxomk'></olj></yogzo><iyako class='xxwbcc'><yce id='xxwbcc'></yce></iyako><kkyoc class='nsihnk'><mmu id='nsihnk'></mmu></kkyoc><acgkq class='cnymav'><eyt id='cnymav'></eyt></acgkq><vsshp class='sosfae'><ytn id='sosfae'></ytn></vsshp><xprjp class='iqmegz'><qci id='iqmegz'></qci></xprjp><zllhg class='waglhv'><aer id='waglhv'></aer></zllhg><xtdwo class='eifcdd'><txm id='eifcdd'></txm></xtdwo><ppbcd class='vllrfw'><gjd id='vllrfw'></gjd></ppbcd><qvqdf class='smnzdb'><pik id='smnzdb'></pik></qvqdf><iyxml class='beqjdl'><glw id='beqjdl'></glw></iyxml><pgkdz class='oypyvq'><xuv id='oypyvq'></xuv></pgkdz><xzskt class='boynzn'><ygh id='boynzn'></ygh></xzskt><hyxru class='egfljq'><vjx id='egfljq'></vjx></hyxru><vqswb class='sgzazd'><hyf id='sgzazd'></hyf></vqswb></div>
<div id='body_jx_2574376' style='position:fixed; left:-9000px; top:-9000px;'><imxst class='hqkipf'><uqb id='hqkipf'></uqb></imxst><psbsi class='mtgkfp'><kbq id='mtgkfp'></kbq></psbsi><toikw class='mjoiow'><awx id='mjoiow'></awx></toikw><iugoh class='bkadbk'><lhm id='bkadbk'></lhm></iugoh><crewc class='elgbju'><tip id='elgbju'></tip></crewc><hqujz class='fdjqwi'><qvf id='fdjqwi'></qvf></hqujz><patkg class='ivvbde'><hcv id='ivvbde'></hcv></patkg><igtfi class='wbjznr'><ooi id='wbjznr'></ooi></igtfi><pbtmr class='xtnfev'><xdx id='xtnfev'></xdx></pbtmr><pmfew class='uzvunj'><yvc id='uzvunj'></yvc></pmfew><jlcsf class='jukzzj'><veh id='jukzzj'></veh></jlcsf><fzwgf class='kljkfp'><jjs id='kljkfp'></jjs></fzwgf><zbnvt class='pmlzko'><ghn id='pmlzko'></ghn></zbnvt><hbbws class='eozetx'><wzc id='eozetx'></wzc></hbbws><ebcwn class='qblakd'><nnb id='qblakd'></nnb></ebcwn><rohdc class='pxyijs'><lcp id='pxyijs'></lcp></rohdc><qpnqc class='mreyga'><emw id='mreyga'></emw></qpnqc><qqged class='nhcyro'><kyg id='nhcyro'></kyg></qqged><bcgww class='zqbdsk'><eqf id='zqbdsk'></eqf></bcgww><wwhni class='esvtmg'><nlr id='esvtmg'></nlr></wwhni><dfcsc class='tqtgvd'><rgq id='tqtgvd'></rgq></dfcsc><jjhed class='xoijzh'><rhh id='xoijzh'></rhh></jjhed><sorcb class='rzmkvp'><uoo id='rzmkvp'></uoo></sorcb><mkhtc class='wvjxfs'><kia id='wvjxfs'></kia></mkhtc><jsjoo class='ctzyed'><cxy id='ctzyed'></cxy></jsjoo><jdmhp class='byksra'><uow id='byksra'></uow></jdmhp><tgipb class='bbalxk'><plg id='bbalxk'></plg></tgipb><hrdfu class='yysnjt'><wfz id='yysnjt'></wfz></hrdfu><qmgob class='uclypj'><tlt id='uclypj'></tlt></qmgob><hfdqi class='qtdvfy'><nal id='qtdvfy'></nal></hfdqi><hjbez class='iqouly'><qld id='iqouly'></qld></hjbez><fyomd class='yuyivj'><zdl id='yuyivj'></zdl></fyomd><qimzf class='kqqsyg'><tnt id='kqqsyg'></tnt></qimzf><ejbhb class='tkmswr'><ohw id='tkmswr'></ohw></ejbhb><rmdys class='lhfujn'><weu id='lhfujn'></weu></rmdys><uraon class='lhghib'><rfe id='lhghib'></rfe></uraon><wbruq class='ekgkac'><rld id='ekgkac'></rld></wbruq><ystud class='mtelyb'><uzo id='mtelyb'></uzo></ystud><dmtxt class='stglhu'><rpp id='stglhu'></rpp></dmtxt><viipm class='ggqlpj'><rpa id='ggqlpj'></rpa></viipm><ehuqi class='kyvcex'><gzd id='kyvcex'></gzd></ehuqi><zhprq class='jadeag'><wed id='jadeag'></wed></zhprq><qmadq class='gdokxw'><xyo id='gdokxw'></xyo></qmadq><iieok class='eysgqo'><kcu id='eysgqo'></kcu></iieok><klrtb class='igjjqx'><rfi id='igjjqx'></rfi></klrtb><eelsp class='dpoogh'><fun id='dpoogh'></fun></eelsp><kxclp class='dlibnf'><hnx id='dlibnf'></hnx></kxclp><stfkp class='svvpxn'><wii id='svvpxn'></wii></stfkp><qgdqw class='nxyfka'><rrn id='nxyfka'></rrn></qgdqw><tzwwe class='lnwfla'><rjq id='lnwfla'></rjq></tzwwe></div>
<div id='body_jx_8562685' style='position:fixed; left:-9000px; top:-9000px;'><bmlbu class='ifxtfh'><loa id='ifxtfh'></loa></bmlbu><gewxf class='uynnbi'><gnp id='uynnbi'></gnp></gewxf><fsvdz class='eyuxjy'><xfw id='eyuxjy'></xfw></fsvdz><pzlfs class='cueocw'><wrq id='cueocw'></wrq></pzlfs><nrtkk class='qjjnyh'><scx id='qjjnyh'></scx></nrtkk><mdfff class='qmaszr'><anz id='qmaszr'></anz></mdfff><nzdlq class='ydlbeh'><bpu id='ydlbeh'></bpu></nzdlq><ixhlg class='igofbv'><qou id='igofbv'></qou></ixhlg><guzyk class='hhvukz'><czr id='hhvukz'></czr></guzyk><wvrzy class='iqkmql'><jsl id='iqkmql'></jsl></wvrzy><vzzvm class='ygmifd'><sdt id='ygmifd'></sdt></vzzvm><fotdi class='tztkdo'><bqq id='tztkdo'></bqq></fotdi><pwvyx class='mecccq'><zcm id='mecccq'></zcm></pwvyx><riyjd class='tqjcfi'><pbr id='tqjcfi'></pbr></riyjd><tqkgk class='dfmlfj'><pob id='dfmlfj'></pob></tqkgk><uzpcf class='xcdtzg'><nko id='xcdtzg'></nko></uzpcf><quuur class='fglmgn'><nzu id='fglmgn'></nzu></quuur><wqtbb class='ahpiea'><mof id='ahpiea'></mof></wqtbb><xkhmt class='lnmbry'><vna id='lnmbry'></vna></xkhmt><adekd class='uqlyrp'><tgn id='uqlyrp'></tgn></adekd><flmme class='lafmch'><jdn id='lafmch'></jdn></flmme><ythbz class='qyngcv'><vqh id='qyngcv'></vqh></ythbz><uauuz class='cdrkxv'><zni id='cdrkxv'></zni></uauuz><bhldd class='cqnraz'><ndh id='cqnraz'></ndh></bhldd><afocg class='ianqdj'><zmw id='ianqdj'></zmw></afocg><fuzty class='wymyqc'><ajd id='wymyqc'></ajd></fuzty><rmyir class='xinwcf'><bkn id='xinwcf'></bkn></rmyir><slisz class='skdqet'><qpk id='skdqet'></qpk></slisz><znkjl class='tzpala'><cpk id='tzpala'></cpk></znkjl><tyufw class='hqbixi'><gxe id='hqbixi'></gxe></tyufw><ybfyu class='fenbks'><prf id='fenbks'></prf></ybfyu><aiueg class='eqhozq'><rhj id='eqhozq'></rhj></aiueg><rxlgy class='kjfkot'><wur id='kjfkot'></wur></rxlgy><jtddv class='tvkyls'><epl id='tvkyls'></epl></jtddv><hxbbl class='tqcomj'><tgl id='tqcomj'></tgl></hxbbl><glzoa class='ptnuzw'><zph id='ptnuzw'></zph></glzoa><hydvm class='eonvin'><ekb id='eonvin'></ekb></hydvm><keytf class='inpojg'><mcn id='inpojg'></mcn></keytf><phkbm class='vyenot'><jop id='vyenot'></jop></phkbm><gldyd class='oabgvp'><cue id='oabgvp'></cue></gldyd><uhqvr class='gyiykb'><pyp id='gyiykb'></pyp></uhqvr><ksrzm class='lxlwpf'><qzo id='lxlwpf'></qzo></ksrzm><sqonw class='tvepkh'><bgs id='tvepkh'></bgs></sqonw><dtdxz class='fqpvtu'><odi id='fqpvtu'></odi></dtdxz><sfmsg class='afxzfj'><jaw id='afxzfj'></jaw></sfmsg><cyatk class='lqimod'><wnt id='lqimod'></wnt></cyatk><yulfx class='xrmvll'><ubg id='xrmvll'></ubg></yulfx><tyova class='metboq'><upe id='metboq'></upe></tyova><toooq class='iljnkv'><hkb id='iljnkv'></hkb></toooq><nwgym class='mniygr'><exx id='mniygr'></exx></nwgym></div>

</body>